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YimMenu/BigBaseV2/src/api/http_request.hpp

761 lines
27 KiB
C++

//
// HTTPRequest
//
#ifndef HTTPREQUEST_HPP
#define HTTPREQUEST_HPP
#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")
#include <cctype>
#include <cstddef>
#include <cstdint>
#include <cstring>
#include <algorithm>
#include <array>
#include <chrono>
#include <functional>
#include <map>
#include <memory>
#include <stdexcept>
#include <string>
#include <system_error>
#include <type_traits>
#include <vector>
#ifdef _WIN32
# pragma push_macro("WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN")
# pragma push_macro("NOMINMAX")
# ifndef WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
# define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
# endif // WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
# ifndef NOMINMAX
# define NOMINMAX
# endif // NOMINMAX
# include <winsock2.h>
# if _WIN32_WINNT < _WIN32_WINNT_WINXP
extern "C" char* _strdup(const char* strSource);
# define strdup _strdup
# include <wspiapi.h>
# endif // _WIN32_WINNT < _WIN32_WINNT_WINXP
# include <ws2tcpip.h>
# pragma pop_macro("WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN")
# pragma pop_macro("NOMINMAX")
#else
# include <errno.h>
# include <fcntl.h>
# include <netinet/in.h>
# include <netdb.h>
# include <sys/select.h>
# include <sys/socket.h>
# include <unistd.h>
#endif // _WIN32
namespace http
{
class RequestError final : public std::logic_error
{
public:
explicit RequestError(const char* str) : std::logic_error{ str } {}
explicit RequestError(const std::string& str) : std::logic_error{ str } {}
};
class ResponseError final : public std::runtime_error
{
public:
explicit ResponseError(const char* str) : std::runtime_error{ str } {}
explicit ResponseError(const std::string& str) : std::runtime_error{ str } {}
};
enum class InternetProtocol : std::uint8_t
{
V4,
V6
};
inline namespace detail
{
#ifdef _WIN32
class WinSock final
{
public:
WinSock()
{
WSADATA wsaData;
const auto error = WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsaData);
if (error != 0)
throw std::system_error(error, std::system_category(), "WSAStartup failed");
if (LOBYTE(wsaData.wVersion) != 2 || HIBYTE(wsaData.wVersion) != 2)
{
WSACleanup();
throw std::runtime_error("Invalid WinSock version");
}
started = true;
}
~WinSock()
{
if (started) WSACleanup();
}
WinSock(WinSock&& other) noexcept :
started{ other.started }
{
other.started = false;
}
WinSock& operator=(WinSock&& other) noexcept
{
if (&other == this) return *this;
if (started) WSACleanup();
started = other.started;
other.started = false;
return *this;
}
private:
bool started = false;
};
#endif // _WIN32
inline int getLastError() noexcept
{
#ifdef _WIN32
return WSAGetLastError();
#else
return errno;
#endif // _WIN32
}
constexpr int getAddressFamily(InternetProtocol internetProtocol)
{
return (internetProtocol == InternetProtocol::V4) ? AF_INET :
(internetProtocol == InternetProtocol::V6) ? AF_INET6 :
throw RequestError("Unsupported protocol");
}
class Socket final
{
public:
#ifdef _WIN32
using Type = SOCKET;
static constexpr Type invalid = INVALID_SOCKET;
#else
using Type = int;
static constexpr Type invalid = -1;
#endif // _WIN32
explicit Socket(InternetProtocol internetProtocol) :
endpoint{ socket(getAddressFamily(internetProtocol), SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP) }
{
if (endpoint == invalid)
throw std::system_error(getLastError(), std::system_category(), "Failed to create socket");
#ifdef _WIN32
unsigned long mode = 1;
if (ioctlsocket(endpoint, FIONBIO, &mode) != 0)
{
close();
throw std::system_error(WSAGetLastError(), std::system_category(), "Failed to get socket flags");
}
#else
const auto flags = fcntl(endpoint, F_GETFL);
if (flags == -1)
{
close();
throw std::system_error(errno, std::system_category(), "Failed to get socket flags");
}
if (fcntl(endpoint, F_SETFL, flags | O_NONBLOCK) == -1)
{
close();
throw std::system_error(errno, std::system_category(), "Failed to set socket flags");
}
#endif // _WIN32
#ifdef __APPLE__
const int value = 1;
if (setsockopt(endpoint, SOL_SOCKET, SO_NOSIGPIPE, &value, sizeof(value)) == -1)
{
close();
throw std::system_error(errno, std::system_category(), "Failed to set socket option");
}
#endif // __APPLE__
}
~Socket()
{
if (endpoint != invalid) close();
}
Socket(Socket&& other) noexcept :
endpoint{ other.endpoint }
{
other.endpoint = invalid;
}
Socket& operator=(Socket&& other) noexcept
{
if (&other == this) return *this;
if (endpoint != invalid) close();
endpoint = other.endpoint;
other.endpoint = invalid;
return *this;
}
void connect(const struct sockaddr* address, const socklen_t addressSize, const std::int64_t timeout)
{
#ifdef _WIN32
auto result = ::connect(endpoint, address, addressSize);
while (result == -1 && WSAGetLastError() == WSAEINTR)
result = ::connect(endpoint, address, addressSize);
if (result == -1)
{
if (WSAGetLastError() == WSAEWOULDBLOCK)
{
select(SelectType::write, timeout);
char socketErrorPointer[sizeof(int)];
socklen_t optionLength = sizeof(socketErrorPointer);
if (getsockopt(endpoint, SOL_SOCKET, SO_ERROR, socketErrorPointer, &optionLength) == -1)
throw std::system_error(WSAGetLastError(), std::system_category(), "Failed to get socket option");
int socketError;
std::memcpy(&socketError, socketErrorPointer, sizeof(socketErrorPointer));
if (socketError != 0)
throw std::system_error(socketError, std::system_category(), "Failed to connect");
}
else
throw std::system_error(WSAGetLastError(), std::system_category(), "Failed to connect");
}
#else
auto result = ::connect(endpoint, address, addressSize);
while (result == -1 && errno == EINTR)
result = ::connect(endpoint, address, addressSize);
if (result == -1)
{
if (errno == EINPROGRESS)
{
select(SelectType::write, timeout);
int socketError;
socklen_t optionLength = sizeof(socketError);
if (getsockopt(endpoint, SOL_SOCKET, SO_ERROR, &socketError, &optionLength) == -1)
throw std::system_error(errno, std::system_category(), "Failed to get socket option");
if (socketError != 0)
throw std::system_error(socketError, std::system_category(), "Failed to connect");
}
else
throw std::system_error(errno, std::system_category(), "Failed to connect");
}
#endif // _WIN32
}
std::size_t send(const void* buffer, const std::size_t length, const std::int64_t timeout)
{
select(SelectType::write, timeout);
#ifdef _WIN32
auto result = ::send(endpoint, reinterpret_cast<const char*>(buffer),
static_cast<int>(length), 0);
while (result == -1 && WSAGetLastError() == WSAEINTR)
result = ::send(endpoint, reinterpret_cast<const char*>(buffer),
static_cast<int>(length), 0);
if (result == -1)
throw std::system_error(WSAGetLastError(), std::system_category(), "Failed to send data");
#else
auto result = ::send(endpoint, reinterpret_cast<const char*>(buffer),
length, noSignal);
while (result == -1 && errno == EINTR)
result = ::send(endpoint, reinterpret_cast<const char*>(buffer),
length, noSignal);
if (result == -1)
throw std::system_error(errno, std::system_category(), "Failed to send data");
#endif // _WIN32
return static_cast<std::size_t>(result);
}
std::size_t recv(void* buffer, const std::size_t length, const std::int64_t timeout)
{
select(SelectType::read, timeout);
#ifdef _WIN32
auto result = ::recv(endpoint, reinterpret_cast<char*>(buffer),
static_cast<int>(length), 0);
while (result == -1 && WSAGetLastError() == WSAEINTR)
result = ::recv(endpoint, reinterpret_cast<char*>(buffer),
static_cast<int>(length), 0);
if (result == -1)
throw std::system_error(WSAGetLastError(), std::system_category(), "Failed to read data");
#else
auto result = ::recv(endpoint, reinterpret_cast<char*>(buffer),
length, noSignal);
while (result == -1 && errno == EINTR)
result = ::recv(endpoint, reinterpret_cast<char*>(buffer),
length, noSignal);
if (result == -1)
throw std::system_error(errno, std::system_category(), "Failed to read data");
#endif // _WIN32
return static_cast<std::size_t>(result);
}
operator Type() const noexcept { return endpoint; }
private:
enum class SelectType
{
read,
write
};
void select(const SelectType type, const std::int64_t timeout)
{
fd_set descriptorSet;
FD_ZERO(&descriptorSet);
FD_SET(endpoint, &descriptorSet);
timeval selectTimeout{
static_cast<decltype(timeval::tv_sec)>(timeout / 1000),
static_cast<decltype(timeval::tv_usec)>((timeout % 1000) * 1000)
};
#ifdef _WIN32
auto count = ::select(0,
(type == SelectType::read) ? &descriptorSet : nullptr,
(type == SelectType::write) ? &descriptorSet : nullptr,
nullptr,
(timeout >= 0) ? &selectTimeout : nullptr);
while (count == -1 && WSAGetLastError() == WSAEINTR)
count = ::select(0,
(type == SelectType::read) ? &descriptorSet : nullptr,
(type == SelectType::write) ? &descriptorSet : nullptr,
nullptr,
(timeout >= 0) ? &selectTimeout : nullptr);
if (count == -1)
throw std::system_error(WSAGetLastError(), std::system_category(), "Failed to select socket");
else if (count == 0)
throw ResponseError("Request timed out");
#else
auto count = ::select(endpoint + 1,
(type == SelectType::read) ? &descriptorSet : nullptr,
(type == SelectType::write) ? &descriptorSet : nullptr,
nullptr,
(timeout >= 0) ? &selectTimeout : nullptr);
while (count == -1 && errno == EINTR)
count = ::select(endpoint + 1,
(type == SelectType::read) ? &descriptorSet : nullptr,
(type == SelectType::write) ? &descriptorSet : nullptr,
nullptr,
(timeout >= 0) ? &selectTimeout : nullptr);
if (count == -1)
throw std::system_error(errno, std::system_category(), "Failed to select socket");
else if (count == 0)
throw ResponseError("Request timed out");
#endif // _WIN32
}
void close() noexcept
{
#ifdef _WIN32
closesocket(endpoint);
#else
::close(endpoint);
#endif // _WIN32
}
#if defined(__unix__) && !defined(__APPLE__)
static constexpr int noSignal = MSG_NOSIGNAL;
#else
static constexpr int noSignal = 0;
#endif // defined(__unix__) && !defined(__APPLE__)
Type endpoint = invalid;
};
}
struct Response final
{
enum Status
{
Continue = 100,
SwitchingProtocol = 101,
Processing = 102,
EarlyHints = 103,
Ok = 200,
Created = 201,
Accepted = 202,
NonAuthoritativeInformation = 203,
NoContent = 204,
ResetContent = 205,
PartialContent = 206,
MultiStatus = 207,
AlreadyReported = 208,
ImUsed = 226,
MultipleChoice = 300,
MovedPermanently = 301,
Found = 302,
SeeOther = 303,
NotModified = 304,
UseProxy = 305,
TemporaryRedirect = 307,
PermanentRedirect = 308,
BadRequest = 400,
Unauthorized = 401,
PaymentRequired = 402,
Forbidden = 403,
NotFound = 404,
MethodNotAllowed = 405,
NotAcceptable = 406,
ProxyAuthenticationRequired = 407,
RequestTimeout = 408,
Conflict = 409,
Gone = 410,
LengthRequired = 411,
PreconditionFailed = 412,
PayloadTooLarge = 413,
UriTooLong = 414,
UnsupportedMediaType = 415,
RangeNotSatisfiable = 416,
ExpectationFailed = 417,
MisdirectedRequest = 421,
UnprocessableEntity = 422,
Locked = 423,
FailedDependency = 424,
TooEarly = 425,
UpgradeRequired = 426,
PreconditionRequired = 428,
TooManyRequests = 429,
RequestHeaderFieldsTooLarge = 431,
UnavailableForLegalReasons = 451,
InternalServerError = 500,
NotImplemented = 501,
BadGateway = 502,
ServiceUnavailable = 503,
GatewayTimeout = 504,
HttpVersionNotSupported = 505,
VariantAlsoNegotiates = 506,
InsufficientStorage = 507,
LoopDetected = 508,
NotExtended = 510,
NetworkAuthenticationRequired = 511
};
int status = 0;
std::string description;
std::vector<std::string> headers;
std::vector<std::uint8_t> body;
};
class Request final
{
public:
explicit Request(const std::string& url,
const InternetProtocol protocol = InternetProtocol::V4) :
internetProtocol{ protocol }
{
const auto schemeEndPosition = url.find("://");
if (schemeEndPosition != std::string::npos)
{
scheme = url.substr(0, schemeEndPosition);
path = url.substr(schemeEndPosition + 3);
}
else
{
scheme = "http";
path = url;
}
const auto fragmentPosition = path.find('#');
// remove the fragment part
if (fragmentPosition != std::string::npos)
path.resize(fragmentPosition);
const auto pathPosition = path.find('/');
if (pathPosition == std::string::npos)
{
domain = path;
path = "/";
}
else
{
domain = path.substr(0, pathPosition);
path = path.substr(pathPosition);
}
const auto portPosition = domain.find(':');
if (portPosition != std::string::npos)
{
port = domain.substr(portPosition + 1);
domain.resize(portPosition);
}
else
port = "80";
}
Response send(const std::string& method = "GET",
const std::string& body = "",
const std::vector<std::string>& headers = {},
const std::chrono::milliseconds timeout = std::chrono::milliseconds{ -1 })
{
return send(method,
std::vector<uint8_t>(body.begin(), body.end()),
headers,
timeout);
}
Response send(const std::string& method,
const std::vector<uint8_t>& body,
const std::vector<std::string>& headers,
const std::chrono::milliseconds timeout = std::chrono::milliseconds{ -1 })
{
const auto stopTime = std::chrono::steady_clock::now() + timeout;
if (scheme != "http")
throw RequestError("Only HTTP scheme is supported");
addrinfo hints = {};
hints.ai_family = getAddressFamily(internetProtocol);
hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
addrinfo* info;
if (getaddrinfo(domain.c_str(), port.c_str(), &hints, &info) != 0)
throw std::system_error(getLastError(), std::system_category(), "Failed to get address info of " + domain);
std::unique_ptr<addrinfo, decltype(&freeaddrinfo)> addressInfo(info, freeaddrinfo);
// RFC 7230, 3.1.1. Request Line
std::string headerData = method + " " + path + " HTTP/1.1\r\n";
for (const auto& header : headers)
headerData += header + "\r\n";
// RFC 7230, 3.2. Header Fields
headerData += "Host: " + domain + "\r\n"
"Content-Length: " + std::to_string(body.size()) + "\r\n"
"\r\n";
std::vector<uint8_t> requestData(headerData.begin(), headerData.end());
requestData.insert(requestData.end(), body.begin(), body.end());
Socket socket(internetProtocol);
// take the first address from the list
socket.connect(addressInfo->ai_addr, static_cast<socklen_t>(addressInfo->ai_addrlen),
(timeout.count() >= 0) ? getRemainingMilliseconds(stopTime) : -1);
auto remaining = requestData.size();
auto sendData = requestData.data();
// send the request
while (remaining > 0)
{
const auto size = socket.send(sendData, remaining,
(timeout.count() >= 0) ? getRemainingMilliseconds(stopTime) : -1);
remaining -= size;
sendData += size;
}
std::array<std::uint8_t, 4096> tempBuffer;
constexpr std::array<std::uint8_t, 2> crlf = { '\r', '\n' };
Response response;
std::vector<std::uint8_t> responseData;
enum class State
{
statusLine,
headers,
body
} state = State::statusLine;
bool contentLengthReceived = false;
std::size_t contentLength = 0;
bool chunkedResponse = false;
std::size_t expectedChunkSize = 0;
bool removeCrlfAfterChunk = false;
// read the response
for (;;)
{
const auto size = socket.recv(tempBuffer.data(), tempBuffer.size(),
(timeout.count() >= 0) ? getRemainingMilliseconds(stopTime) : -1);
if (size == 0) // disconnected
return response;
responseData.insert(responseData.end(), tempBuffer.begin(), tempBuffer.begin() + size);
if (state != State::body)
for (;;)
{
// RFC 7230, 3. Message Format
const auto i = std::search(responseData.begin(), responseData.end(), crlf.begin(), crlf.end());
// didn't find a newline
if (i == responseData.end()) break;
const std::string line(responseData.begin(), i);
responseData.erase(responseData.begin(), i + 2);
// empty line indicates the end of the header section
if (line.empty())
{
state = State::body;
break;
}
else if (state == State::statusLine) // RFC 7230, 3.1.2. Status Line
{
state = State::headers;
std::size_t partNum = 0;
// tokenize the status line
for (auto beginIterator = line.begin(); beginIterator != line.end();)
{
const auto endIterator = std::find(beginIterator, line.end(), ' ');
const std::string part{ beginIterator, endIterator };
switch (++partNum)
{
case 2: response.status = std::stoi(part); break;
case 3: response.description = part; break;
}
if (endIterator == line.end()) break;
beginIterator = endIterator + 1;
}
}
else if (state == State::headers) // RFC 7230, 3.2. Header Fields
{
response.headers.push_back(line);
const auto loumnPosition = line.find(':');
if (loumnPosition == std::string::npos)
throw ResponseError("Invalid header: " + line);
const auto headerName = line.substr(0, loumnPosition);
auto headerValue = line.substr(loumnPosition + 1);
// RFC 7230, Appendix B. Collected ABNF
auto isNotWhiteSpace = [](char c) {
return c != ' ' && c != '\t';
};
// ltrim
headerValue.erase(headerValue.begin(), std::find_if(headerValue.begin(), headerValue.end(), isNotWhiteSpace));
// rtrim
headerValue.erase(std::find_if(headerValue.rbegin(), headerValue.rend(), isNotWhiteSpace).base(), headerValue.end());
if (headerName == "Content-Length")
{
contentLength = std::stoul(headerValue);
contentLengthReceived = true;
response.body.reserve(contentLength);
}
else if (headerName == "Transfer-Encoding")
{
if (headerValue == "chunked")
chunkedResponse = true;
else
throw ResponseError("Unsupported transfer encoding: " + headerValue);
}
}
}
if (state == State::body)
{
// Content-Length must be ignored if Transfer-Encoding is received
if (chunkedResponse)
{
for (;;)
{
if (expectedChunkSize > 0)
{
const auto toWrite = (std::min)(expectedChunkSize, responseData.size());
response.body.insert(response.body.end(), responseData.begin(), responseData.begin() + static_cast<std::ptrdiff_t>(toWrite));
responseData.erase(responseData.begin(), responseData.begin() + static_cast<std::ptrdiff_t>(toWrite));
expectedChunkSize -= toWrite;
if (expectedChunkSize == 0) removeCrlfAfterChunk = true;
if (responseData.empty()) break;
}
else
{
if (removeCrlfAfterChunk)
{
if (responseData.size() < 2) break;
if (!std::equal(crlf.begin(), crlf.end(), responseData.begin()))
throw ResponseError("Invalid chunk");
removeCrlfAfterChunk = false;
responseData.erase(responseData.begin(), responseData.begin() + 2);
}
const auto i = std::search(responseData.begin(), responseData.end(), crlf.begin(), crlf.end());
if (i == responseData.end()) break;
const std::string line(responseData.begin(), i);
responseData.erase(responseData.begin(), i + 2);
expectedChunkSize = std::stoul(line, nullptr, 16);
if (expectedChunkSize == 0)
return response;
}
}
}
else
{
response.body.insert(response.body.end(), responseData.begin(), responseData.end());
responseData.clear();
// got the whole content
if (contentLengthReceived && response.body.size() >= contentLength)
return response;
}
}
}
return response;
}
private:
static std::int64_t getRemainingMilliseconds(const std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point time)
{
const auto now = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
const auto remainingTime = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(time - now);
return (remainingTime.count() > 0) ? remainingTime.count() : 0;
}
#ifdef _WIN32
WinSock winSock;
#endif // _WIN32
InternetProtocol internetProtocol;
std::string scheme;
std::string domain;
std::string port;
std::string path;
};
}
#endif // HTTPREQUEST_HPP